基于U形蜂窝结构的新型柔性翼设计与性能验证

Design and performance verification of a novel flexible wing based on U-type honeycomb structure

  • 摘要: 变体柔性翼的设计是变体飞机实现自适应变形提高气动效率与任务适应性的关键技术难题之一。为满足变体飞机柔性翼对大变形能力、低驱动能耗、高承载刚度,以及实现多种变形模式等需求,本文建立了基于U形蜂窝的新型柔性翼支撑结构设计方法。通过建立考虑几何非线性的U形蜂窝大变形理论模型,系统分析了U形蜂窝几何参数对变形能力的影响。分析表明,采用的U形蜂窝结构可实现局部材料应变24.87倍以上的整体变形放大效应,展现出优异的大变形能力。基于此,创新性的设计了一种柔性翼结构方案,并进行了数值仿真与3D打印样件试验验证,结果表明柔性翼面内变形可实现32%的展向伸长量、29°的后掠角变化以及30°的前掠角变化,展向拉伸与掠角变化试验进一步表明,该结构在满足设计指标的同时实现了协同变形。所提方案成功实现单一结构集成多种变形模式,为变体飞机柔性翼骨架的设计提供理论参考与工程可行性的解决方案。

     

    Abstract: Flexible wing design for morphing aircraft poses a key technical challenge in achieving adaptive deformation to improve aerodynamic efficiency and mission adaptability. To meet the requirements of large deformation capacity, low actuation energy consumption, high load-bearing stiffness, and multiple deformation modes for morphing aircraft flexible wings, this paper establishes a novel design method for flexible wing support structures based on U-type honeycombs. A large-deformation theoretical model considering geometric nonlinearity was developed to systematically analyze the influence of U-type honeycomb geometric parameters on deformation capacity. Analysis shows that the adopted U-type honeycomb structure achieves a global deformation amplification effect exceeding 24.87 times the local material strain, demonstrating excellent large-deformation capability. Based on this, an innovative flexible wing structural scheme was designed and validated through numerical simulations and 3D-printed prototype experiments. Results indicate that the in-plane deformation of the flexible wing achieves 32% spanwise elongation, 29° backward sweep angle variation, and 30° forward sweep angle variation. Spanwise stretching and sweep angle variation tests further confirm coordinated deformation while meeting design specifications. The proposed solution integrates multiple deformation modes within a single structure, providing theoretical reference and an engineering-feasible approach for morphing aircraft flexible wing skeleton design.

     

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