基于FBG-FP传感器的液体成型工艺参数监测

Monitoring of liquid composite molding parameters based on FBG-FP sensor

  • 摘要: 液体成型工艺是制造复合材料的常用方法,但其过程的工艺状态难以实时掌握、评估和控制,影响了复合材料制造的质量和效率。因此对复合材料的液体成型工艺参数进行实时监测具有重要意义。光纤传感器具有对复合材料性能影响小,监测灵敏度高等优势。本文建立了一种使用全光纤结构监测复合材料液体成型过程中内部温度和应变的方法,通过联立光纤光栅传感器(FBG)传感器和法布里-珀罗(FP)传感器,对复合材料内部的温度和应变进行同时监测,可以监测注胶过程中的流动前沿到达时间和固化过程中的固化放热和应变。结果发现使用光纤传感器对流动前沿的监测误差小于10%,监测结果稳定性和一致性好,实现了对大厚度复合材料的三维流动前沿监测,且可以监测到夹芯板芯材界面处重点区域的流动到达情况;对固化过程的温度监测结果与热电偶吻合,误差小于2℃,发现了夹芯板复合材料固化过程中的温度和应变不均匀性且捕捉到了凝胶点、固化应变等关键固化参数信息。

     

    Abstract: The liquid composite molding process is a common composite manufacturing method, while the real-time monitoring and control of the manufacturing parameters remain challenging, affecting product quality and efficiency. Optical fiber sensors offer distinct advantages including minimal impact on composite properties and high monitoring sensitivity. This study established an all-fiber monitoring system integrating fiber Bragg grating (FBG) and Fabry-Perot (FP) sensors to simultaneously track the internal temperature and strain, detect resin flow front during injection and curing processes. Results showed that the optical fiber sensors system achieved flow front monitoring within 10% accuracy, enabled 3D flow tracking in thick composites, and identified critical flow arrivals at the interfaces between the sandwich panel and core. Temperature measurements aligned with thermocouple data (<2℃ error), while revealing curing temperature-strain inhomogeneity and capturing key parameters like gel points and curing-induced strains.

     

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