基于预制干膜复水层合策略的水凝胶传感器定制化构建

Customized Fabrication of Hydrogel Sensors Based on Prefabricated Dry Film Rehydration-Lamination Strategy

  • 摘要: 水凝胶传感器在柔性可穿戴领域应用前景广阔,但其长期储存稳定性差、按需定制困难及多信号耦合等问题制约应用。提出基于预制干膜的快速复水层合策略,通过全生物质多糖复合材料魔芋葡甘聚糖/海藻酸钠/纤维素纳米纤维(KSC)封装纳米纤维,构建可长期储存的水凝胶干膜预制件。应用时利用水触发层间Ca2+与—COO金属配位机制,1.5 min内实现高强度界面键合(400 kPa)。实验表明,预制干膜储存12个月后性能保持率>98%,力学性能(1.37 MPa)显著优于传统水凝胶(0.09 MPa)。通过定向排列热塑性聚氨酯-碳纳米管(TPU-CNTs)导电纤维设计,赋予器件各向异性响应特性(0°与90°方向电阻差异达680%)。结合双通道信号差异解析(外层拉伸电阻增幅173.7%,内层压缩降幅55.5%),实现复杂曲面运动解耦,响应时间低至100 ms。组装后的多层传感器在人体关节运动中展现优异稳定性和信号解耦能力,解决了水凝胶器件储存稳定性差、定制化成本高等难题,为柔性电子从实验室制备到产业化转型提供了新范式,在医疗监测、智能机器人等领域具有重要应用价值。

     

    Abstract: Hydrogel sensors were promising for flexible wearable applications, but their poor long-term storage stability, difficulty in on-demand customization and multi-signal coupling constrained the applications. A rapid rehydration lamination strategy based on prefabricated dry film was proposed to construct long-term storable hydrogel dry film prefabricated parts by encapsulating nanofibers with the all-biomass polysaccharide composite KSC (konjac glucan/sodium alginate/cellulose nanofibers). The application utilized a water-triggered interlayer Ca2+ and —COO metal coordination mechanism to achieve high-strength interfacial bonding (400 kPa) within 1.5 min. Experiments shows that the prefabricated dry film has >98% retention of performance after 12 months of storage, and the mechanical properties (1.37 MPa) are significantly better than those of the conventional hydrogel (0.09 MPa). The conductive fiber design of TPU-CNTs (thermoplastic polyurethanes-carbon nanotubes) is oriented to give the device anisotropic response (680% difference in resistance between 0° and 90° directions). Combined with dual-channel signal difference resolution (173.7% increase in resistance for outer layer stretching and 55.5% decrease in resistance for inner layer compression), the device realizes decoupling of complex curved surface motion with a response time as low as 100 ms. The assembled multilayer sensor demonstrates excellent stability and decoupling ability in human joint motion, solves the problems of poor storage stability and high cost of customization of hydrogel devices, and provides an opportunity to transition the flexible electronic devices from laboratory preparation to industrialization. This provides a new paradigm for the transformation of flexible electronics from laboratory preparation to industrialization, and has important application value in the fields of medical monitoring and intelligent robotics.

     

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