Abstract: With the rapid development of society, latent fire hazards have a great threat to social security. Fire prevention and control can be effectively carried out by using fire insulation materials. Aerogels have the characteristics of low density, low thermal conductivity, high porosity, and exhibit excellent fire insulation properties. SiO₂ aerogel is the typical representative of aerogel materials and widely used in many industries. However, SiO₂ aerogel still has the bottleneck problem of poor mechanical properties at present, resulting in greatly limits for the engineering application. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce reinforcements to make SiO₂ aerogel maintain its own excellent characteristics and enhance its mechanical properties. In this paper, the current research status of reinforced SiO₂ materials is briefly described, then the methods of improving mechanical properties by optimizing the process and adding nanomaterials, fibers, compacts in the preparation of silica aerogels are discussed and analyzed. Finally, this paper proposed the future research direction and development suggestions of SiO₂ aerogels .