Abstract: In order to improve the flame retardant and smoke suppression properties of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU), ZIF-8-CES hybrid was synthesized by using waste chicken eggshell (CES) as raw material and modified by zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8). Compared with pure TPU, when 20wt% intumescent flame retardant (IFR) and 5wt% ZIF-8-CES are added to TPU, the peak heat release rate (pHRR) and peak smoke release rate (pSPR) of TPU composites are reduced to 242 kW·m⁻² and 0.151 m²·s⁻¹, respectively. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) value reached 31.5%, and the vertical combustion (UL-94) reached V-0 level. ZIF-8-CES and IFR have good synergistic flame retardant effect in TPU. This is mainly because ZIF-8-CES and IFR generate zinc oxide, calcium phosphate and calcium phosphite at high temperatures, which play a role in catalyzing carbon formation and enhancing the carbon layer, thereby improving the flame retardant and smoke suppression properties of TPU composites.